Western Mountains Suleiman and Kirthar Hills

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The Western Mountains Suleiman and Kirthar Hills

1.    The Safed Koh Range follows an East-West direction, and these mountains are called ‘Safed’ because their peaks are usually covered with snow. The Safed Koh Range has the River Kurram running at its south. It also has the Vale of Peshawar – a fertile land.

2.    The Waziristan Hills have the Bannu Valley. Both Bannu and Dera Ismail Khan are important military centers for Pakistan.

3.    Other than major cities like Peshawar and Kohat, the Western Mountains offer little in terms of comfort, and ease of living. The climate is very harsh, and the mountains are mostly bare of vegetation. Due to this, the people are mostly exposed to elements in these places. Life is very difficult, and a nomadic way of life has been observed here.

4.    The Waziristan Hills are also very famous for being terrorist dens as it is very easy for the terrorists to climb these stunted hills, and take cover among the numerous caves.

Three Ranges

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The North-Western Mountains of three major ranges: The Himalayas, The Karakoram, and The Hindu Kush.

1.    The Himalayas run across 2500 km from east to west, and form a significant part of the mountain range in Pakistan. The comprise of the Siwaliks (600-1800m), the Pir Panjal Range/The Lesser or Outer Himalayas (1800-4500m), and the Central Himalayas (over 4500m). The Pir Panjal Range is where some of the more popular hill stations like Murree and Bhurban are located.

2.    The topography of the Himalayas consists of snowcapped, and steep-sided peaks with valleys rich in natural vegetation. The highest peak of this range in Pakistan is the Nanga Parbat (8,126m).

3.    The Karakoram mountain range has an average height of 6000m, and it is located above the Central Himalayas. The highest peak of the Karakoram range in Pakistan is the Godwin Austin (K-2) which stands at 8,610m. The Karakoram mountains are very inhospitable, and the population in these mountains is very sporadic, and a nomadic lifestyle is seen. Some agriculture takes place in the valleys, but mostly, the Karakoram range comprises of steep peaks, and narrow valleys often with a fast flowing river taking up most of the space. The Karakoram Highway that links Pakistan with China has been a major development in the Karakoram range.

4.    The Hindu Kush mountain range runs from north to south, and is located in the region where the border of Pakistan meets the borders of Afghanistan and China. The topography of the area is very similar to the Karakoram range. Hindu Kush is famous for mountain peaks like Tirich Mir. The Hindu Kush is also popular in culture because many of the greatest invaders in history (Alexander the Great, Mahmud of Ghazni etc) crossed the mountain passes of the Hindu Kush.

Route of Pakistan's Location

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Route of Pakistan’s location:

Continent	Asia
Capital	Islamabad
largest city	Karachi
Area	803,940 km2 Approx
Official Language	English, Urdu
Calling Code	+92
Time Zone	PKT (UTC+5) Summer (DST) (UTC+6b)
Neighbour countries	India, Iran, China, Afghanistan
Internet TLD	.pk
Currency	Pakistani rupee (PKR)

Pakistan location is very important. The number of points  which are following.

1. The historic passes like the Khyber and Khunjerab Passes provide a route to Afghanistan and China. These also allow a passage into the mountains of Pakistan.

2. Pakistan has 3 major seaports: Karachi, Port Qasim and Gwadar. While Karachi is the most important of all, Gwadar is the most strategically important.

3. It is a deep sea port which means that ships can dock very close to the land, and thus, makes transportation and movement of things easier. Gwadar also lies on the natural route of ships unlike Dubai Port which is located in a peninsula.

4.Karachi also has importance as a major international airport. While it has lost a lot of its traffic to Dubai airport over the years, it still stands as an important airport in the country.

5.Pakistan has four neighbors: Afghanistan, China, India and Iran. The 2252 km long border with Afghanistan is known as the Durand line.